Roles (Updated)

Tarryn: Director, camera, editor
Chloe: Makeup special effects, costume, props
Chanelle: Producer
Ellie: Stage director, casting, script development

Over the holidays we're all going to watch multiple vampire films, read vampire books and do research old vampires and old vampire legends and stories. 

Old folk tales and legends of the vampire. (Research)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrykolakas

http://mortisia.tumblr.com/post/40598217504/the-vampire-plague-of-venice-its-bad-enough-when

Pitch I liked and why and also what role I'd like to do. (From what I've read on the blogs)

Farhana's

http://farhanamediaas.blogspot.co.uk/2012/12/synopsis.html

I'd love to either: edit, direct or film for her film opening because I have some really great visual ideas which I think Farhana will like and I'd hope she'd like to use them for her film. 

Just thought I'd post these things that were mentioned on the trip today if anyone was interested. :)

http://www.bfi.org.uk/education-research/education/bfi-future-film

http://www.facebook.com/bfifuturefilm

http://petesmediablog.blogspot.co.uk

http://petesmediablog.blogspot.co.uk/2012/12/2012-conference-preview.html

https://twitter.com/petesmediablog

Location Ideas for my vampire Film. "The tale of the Vampire"

In Brentford: 

Strawberry Hill House??:

250 word synopsis of my vampire film. "The tale of the Vampire"

Jay is a young student who is a huge horror enthusiast. He loves anything to do with Horror but he has a very keen interest in Vampires in particular. He prefers the old classic vampire stories. Jay believes that Vampires are real so he wants to find out some more information about Vampires to help prove his theory so, he decides that a good person to ask would be the old priest in his local church (Which is extremely old and ancient and gothic in appearance. It also has a lot of history behind it – which could be vampire related.)

When Jay gets to the Church and begins to question the priest, the priest is very dismissive at first and won’t answer any of Jay’s questions. After a while Jay begins to become very agitated with the Priest and begins to demand to have his questions answered. The Priest reluctantly gives in because he can see that Jay is passionate and knowledgeable. But, the Priest warns him that the information that Jay is about to be told should remain a secret for the safety of himself and others.

The priest tells Jay old stories of vampires that had really happened and describes horrific details and describes the Vampires and terrifying monsters that lust over blood. He also tells Jay that Vampires really do exist but he should never try to find one as Vampires are not how they are described in the story books. They are much worse...  

Jay ends up trying to gather more and more information... However he ends up finding out more than he bargained for! 

25 word pitch for my vampire film. "The tale of the Vampire"

An extreme horror enthusiast wants to find out more about vampires and vampire stories. But ends up finding out much more than he bargained for!

Examples of Horror film scripts.

http://www.horrorlair.com/scripts/alien.html

http://www.horrorlair.com/scripts/nosferatu.html

http://www.horrorlair.com/scripts/sleepy-hollow.txt

Opening Sequence Analysis - Pirates of The Caribbean 1

1. Opens with the title of the film with a sound effect with what also looks like embers from a fire floating around the black screen. (You can't see this part in the clip I've chosen.)
2. Cuts to a shot of water and mist which a ship emerges from. You can hear ambient music in the background (Non- Diegetic) You can also hear the sounds for the water lapping and the creaking sounds of the wood of the ship. (Diegetic)
3. As the ship draws closer you can hear a little girl singing. (Diegetic)
4. The camera then tilts and moves towards the little girl until it stops looking up at the girl and stops at a medium long shot of her. 
5. Cuts to a long shot from behind the girl and the camera moves towards her.
6. A hand reaches over the screen to touch the girl's shoulder. 
7. Cuts to and over the shoulder shot to see the man's face as he speaks. 
8. Cuts to an over the shoulder shot to see the girl's reaction. (The conversation they were having follows the 180 degree rule.)
9. Another mans voice is heard (Diegetic) coming from behind the two characters on screen they turn towards the sound of his voice. 
10. Cuts to the man who was speaking. (Medium shot) 
11. Cuts back to the previous characters. (Medium long shot) ..................................
12. Cuts to a close up of the girl's face as she looks down into the water below the ship. 
13. Cuts to a shot of the water as you see something floating in the water. As you change    to this shot the music changes and becomes more mysterious (Non Diegetic).  
14. Cuts back to a medium shot of the girl as she paces while looking down into the water.
15. Cuts to a medium shot of the object bobbing on the water so the audience can see what it is. (A parasol) 
16. Cuts back to a shot looking up at the girl as she's leaning over the edge of the ship looking down into the water.  
17. Cuts to a shot from the girls perspective, looking down on the parasol which drifts out of shot. 
18. Cuts back to the girls as she moves her head to look somewhere else. 
19. Cuts to a shot showing a boy drifting in the water. (This shot is again from the girl's point of view.) 
20. The cuts then begin to quicken as the characters on board the ship react to the girl seeing the boy in the water. This creates a feel of urgency. 
21. Then, when they see the burning ship the music changes which creates the feel of danger. 
22. The shots of the ship are over the shoulder shots and long shots. This gives the audience the illusion that they're standing on the ship and witnessing this scene with the characters. 
23. The music changes depending what's happening to on screen to create a mood for the audience. 

• The style of clothing, weapons, hair, language and location show that this film is obviously not set in the present.
• The lighting is slightly low key and gloomy to create an atmosphere of unhappiness and darkness.   

Opening Sequence Analysis - Corpse Bride

1. Opens with some music playing (Non Diegetic) 
2. The Warner Brothers institution logo then appears from a fade from black transition. (Distributer) 
3. Then, the logo disappears with a fade to black transition.
4. Cuts to an extreme close up of Victor opening a book. There are credits over the top of this image. 
5. Cuts to a shot of a picture frame of a photograph of Victor and his dog. 
6. Then the camera tilts downwards to reveal a feathered quill in ink. 
7. Then Victors hand reaches across the screen to pick up the quill. 
8. Cuts to a downwards extreme close up shot of Victor's hand holding the quill as he begins to draw a butterfly. 
9. Cuts to many different shots of this as the credits continue to roll over the top of the these images on screen. 
10. Cuts to a  close up shot of the drawing that Victor has done. 
11. Cuts to a Medium close up of Victor.
12. Cuts to a medium shot of a butterfly under a glass jar. 
13. Cuts to a long shot of Victor sitting on his chair at his desk. He then stands up and starts to open his window.
14. Cuts to a medium close up of Victor as he opens his window looking in from the outside of the window. 
15. The camera tilts downwards as Victor bends down to look inside the jar with the butterfly in it. 
16. As Victor lifts the glass the camera cuts to a Medium shot from behind Victor as the butterfly briefly flies around him. As this is happening the title of the film fades in over the top of the image on screen. 
17. As the butterfly flies out of the window, the camera follows it.
18. The camera continues to follow the path that the butterfly is flying in. 
19. The sound of a ticking clock then fades in. (Diegetic) 
20. This section is mostly filmed in one shot with the occasional cut. This give the scene a nice flow and the camera effectively mimics the illusion of flight because the reason it's filmed in this way is to make the audience feel as though they're flying with the butterfly. 
21. There are sounds of the street and the bustling of people and the sound effects that they make when they're doing something. (Sweeping, chopping up fish etc.) (Diegetic) 

• The costume implies that this film is set in what looks like the Victorian era. Also, the houses and the vehicles also connote that this film is set in the Victorian era. 
• The music used could also show when the film is set. 
• The characters are animated using stop animation and they are made from Plasticine. This allows the character's designs to be over the top and almost like caricatures. 

Opening Sequence Analysis - The Lost Boys

(Directed by Joel Schumacher)

1. Opens with the Warner Brothers institution logo. (Distributor) 
2. Music fades in. (Non Diegetic) 
3. There is also the sound of a male laughing and the sound of whispering. 
4. Fast moving establishing shot travelling over the sea as the music kicks in even more.
5. Some credits appear over the top of this shot. (The order of the credits are: Warner Bros. presents, a Richard Donner Production, a Joel Schumacher film, the the title of the film appears).
6. The camera then tilts upward slightly to reveal the town which the film is set in. This is another establishing shot.
7. The camera is travelling towards the town from a bird's eye perspective which gives the impression that we (the audience) is observing the town. 
8. Cuts to a medium shot of a merry-go-round and a crowd of people.
9. The camera quickly zooms over the heads of the crowd to get a closer view of the merry-go-round.
10. Cuts to a mid shot looking downwards at the character David's feet. The sound of the merry-go-round comes in. (Diegetic)  The camera tilts up and then stops at David's face. This shot shows the David is one of the main characters.
11. The camera stays in this position as David walks out of the shot and David's gang move into the shot. 
12. The camera then cuts to a medium shot of David while he touches a woman on the merry-go-round's face.  
13. Cut to a Mid CU shot of the woman's boyfriends reaction. 
14. Cuts back to previous shot as the boyfriend lashes out. 
15. Cuts back to the mid CU shot of the boyfriend. 
16. Cuts to a medium shot of David as he leans towards the camera towards the boyfriend.
17. Over the shoulder shot of David as he grabs the boyfriend's neck.
18. Mid CU shot of David as he's retrained from behind my a policeman. 
19. Medium shot slightly looking down on the commotion. 
20. Different angle of this shot. 
21. Cut back to the Mid CU of David with the police man as the policeman says his line.
22. Merry-go-round music stops and a bell is heard. (Diegetic)  
23. Mid shot of David's gang to show their reactions.
24. Cuts back to the Mid CU of David as he responds to the policeman.
25. Cuts back to Mid shot of David's gang.
26. Cuts back to Mid CU of David as you see his gang walking past him in the background (out of focus)
27. Cuts back to medium shot of the woman and boyfriend to see their reactions. 
28. Cut to Mid CU of policeman as he says another line. 
29. Medium shot of David. 
30. Transition from previous shot into an establishing shot of the fairground. 
31. Shots of different locations in the fairground. 

• The lighting throughout this opening sequence is low key to due to the fact that it's set at night time. The only lights that are visible in the sequence is the lights from the fair ground rides. 
• The costume of the characters don't seem seem modern. I looks as though their clothes from the 1980s.
• The vocabulary the the characters use could also show that this is from the 1980s. 
• Also, the music shows that this is set in the 1980s. 

Directors research - Guillermo Del Toro

GUILLERMO DEL TORO

• Guillermo del Toro was born on October 9th 1964.
• He's from Mexico. 
• He is a director, producer, screenwriter, novelist and designer and he started off his career studying special effects and special effects make up. 
• He first got involved in film making when he was eight years old where he used his father's camera to make short films with his toys. 
• Guillermo del Toro has directed a variety of films such as comic book adaptations, fantasy and Horror films.
• Guillermo del Toro was hired by Peter Jackson to direct the 'The Hobbit'. However he later had to step down from the project because of an extended delay because of MGM's financial troubles. Although he removed himself from directing the film, he continued co-writing the screenplays.
• In 2009 Guillermo del Toro's first novel 'The Strain' was released. It is the first part of an apocalyptic vampire trilogy co-authored by Guillermo del Toro and Chuck Hogan. The second volume 'The Fall' was released in 2010. The final novel, 'The Night Eternal' followed in 2011. Guillermo del Toro has expressed an interest in adapting the trilogy as a TV series.

Films that he's directed include: (Films I've seen)

The Devil's Backbone (2001)

Hellboy (2004) 

Pan's Labyrinth (2006)

(Information from Wikipedia & Youtube videos seen above.) 

Directors Research - Stanley Kubrick

STANLEY KUBRICK

• Stanley Kubrick (July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, producer, cinematographer and editor. He is thought of as one of the greatest filmmakers of all time.
• His films, were often adaptations of novels or short stories.
• Stanley Kubrick's films were noted for their dazzling and unique cinematography and  attention to detail.
•  Kubrick's films covered a variety of genres, including war, crime, romance, black comedies, horror and science fiction.
• Kubrick was also known for being a perfectionist. He took great care with scene staging and he worked very closely with his actors to achiev the best results.
• He started off as a photographer which explains why his films are so visually exciting and interesting. 
• He spent most of his life living and filming in the UK. 
• His home was his workplace. This allowed him to have almost complete artistic control, but he also had the advantage of having financial support from the Hollywood studios.

Some of the films he's directed include: (These are the ones I've seen)

The Shining

• The Shining is a psychological horror film that was made in 1980.
• The film is based on the Stephen King's novel 'The Shining'.
• The narrative of the Shining is about a writer (Jack Torrance) who takes a job as a caretaker at an hotel which is situated in the middle of no where. His young son has psychic abilities and he is able to see things from the past and future, such as the ghosts that haunt the Hotel. Soon after the family move in, the family is trapped in the hotel by a snowstorm. Jack gradually becomes influenced by a supernatural presence. He slowly spirals into madness and attempts to murder his wife and son.
• The Shining is seen as a classic of the horror genre. 

Clockwork Orange

• Clockwork Orange was made in 1971.
• The film was based on Anthony Burgess' novel 'A Clockwork Orange' (1962).
• The film includes scenes of disturbing/ violent images and one of the main plots of the film is that it focuses heavily on psychiatry and mental illness and madness. Youth gangs are also a huge part of this film because the influences of the youth gangs on the main protagonist Alex could explain why he acts way that he does.
• The narrative is about the crimes that the main character's gang take part in and then how the main character is captured and brainwashed.
• The main character Alex narrates the film. 
• The language used is a key part of the film. There is a constant use of Nadsat, which is fractured teenage slang using a combination of Slavic, English, and Cockney rhyming slang.
• Clockwork Orange features a soundtrack of mostly classical music selections (Mostly for Beethoven) and Moog synthesizer compositions by Wendy Carlos (Walter Carlos). 

(Information from Wikipedia) 

Directors Research - Tim Burton

TIM BURTON

Tim Burton is by far one of my favourite directors. I've loved every single one of the films that I've seen that he's directed. 

Tim Burton's films are all in a very clear Gothic style. His style is so clear that when you see one of his films, you'll instantly know it's by him within the first few seconds of the film because his style is so unique. 

One style that Tim Burton specializes in is his beautiful stop motion animated films where he uses puppets instead of actors. This is an effective way to show his style because there is a lot more diversity in character design because you can make the puppets in whatever form you want. This is a good thing because the characters have a particular style to them that has been created by the beautifully twisted mind of Tim Burton. 

The characters designs were first hand drawn by Tim Burton himself, then the drawings were given to the artists to create the perfect character design. When the final design was finished the characters would then be molded and brought to life.

For Example:

                   -------------------> 

                      ------------------->

  ------------------->            

  ------------------->

             

  ------------------->

       

Tim Burton directs films with many different genres. Some of the genres he was worked in are Romance, Comedy, Horror, Sci-Fi, Action.. etc.  Even though he makes many different types of films, all of the films he makes have their unique style and flair that make them appear to be a Tim Burton film.

Ahhhhhh.

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Editing Task - Preliminary Exercise Review/ Evaluation.

We found this editing task extremely difficult to do because we had a little amount of successful clips to use because of a mistake during the filming process so we had to make do with the clips that we had. 

Rough cut: 

We found the rough cut rather easy to do because we only had to find the correct order the clips went in. The only thing we struggled on in this task was following the 180˚ rule when the rule is applied to three actors. At one shot we broke the 180˚ rule, so to fix it we had to add shots that we didn't intend to use in our plan, in order to follow the 180˚ rule. (We added a clip of Manisha looking at the camera because she was on the 180 line, then we crossed the line.) Also, we had to avoid jump cuts. To do this we also had to add extra clips so the flow was maintained. 

Fine Cut:

We found this process moderately easy, although making everything flow was quite difficult- especially with the clips we had. We used the precision editor to avoid jump cuts and to maintain flow.

'How is the chicken used as a metaphor in the opening of City of God?' - Essay

In this essay I'm going to be writing about the different representations presented within this opening scene and how the chicken is used as a metaphor.

The scene opens with the sound of what seems to be the sound of a knife sharpening. The shot is an extreme close up. This connotes fear and danger. The shots at the beginning of the scene almost look like that they're from the chicken's POV. (They are at the chicken's eye level and everything is a close up shot. Also, whenever a human is presented on the screen the camera is at a low angle. This seems like the camera is at the chickens POV and the camera looking up at the humans could connote the human's power over the chicken. Also, the camera cuts and movements are fast and jerky which mimics the erratic head movements of a chicken.) This is effective because the audience will be able to see the world from the chicken's perspective which will allow the audience to empathize with the chicken. Also, these shots will make the chicken seem like the protagonist because the chicken seems like the central character. Also, at the beginning of the scene, there are shots of dancing and music while the chickens are getting chopped up and cooked. These two images contrast completely because the dancing and music connote celebration and fun, whereas the chickens being killed and the iconography used while the chicken is being killed (blood, knives ect) connote fear and death. These two ideas juxtapose each other and this use of juxtaposition makes the chickens being slaughtered looks even worse.  

The film City of God is set in the slums of Brazil where life is difficult and there is a lot of danger and gang culture. Trigger-happy and blood thirsty people hang around in these areas, you can tell this because everyone seems to carry around a gun with them, also it's obvious that they're blood thirsty and take pleasure in other people's/ creature's expenses because when the chicken breaks free, a gang of people chase after it and shoot at it for fun. This shows that the slums are dangerous and not a safe place to be in.  

'In the City of God, if you run away, they get you, and if you stay, they get you too.' 

The metaphor that the chicken is trying to represent is the feeling of isolation and feeling of being trapped. The chicken is used to represent fear and danger and this can be compared to the photographer character in the scene. They can both be compared to each other because they're both trying to escape from the slums in different ways. The photographer is trying to capture a good photo of the gangs in the slums so he can show the picture to publishers to make money which he will use to escape the slums. Where as the chicken is trying to escape so he won't be eaten. These two characters are in similar circumstances because the ways in which they are going to escape could potentially kill them. (The chicken may end up being shot or run over while escaping and the photographer could be caught taking photos of the gangs and he could be killed by them. The photographer is putting his neck on the line and the chicken is also -literally- putting his neck on the line.) The quote stated above pretty much sums up what this metaphor is trying to say. Basically, you can stay there and die, or you can die trying to escape. 

Another way in which the chicken could be seen as a metaphor is the fact that chickens can't fly, even though the chicken shown was trying desperately to do so, so he could escape. This is another metaphor to show that escape is difficult. This is also the reason why I think the animal they chose was a chicken because the chicken has meaning behind it. Where as if they had chosen a pig for example the meaning wouldn't have gotten across as effectively. 

Script using the 180 degree rule.

[In what appears to be a small, empty, white-washed room with large mirrors on all of the walls (the mirrors are reflective windows, like the ones you'd have in an interrogation room. The lighting is high key due to the naked bulb situated in the centre of the ceiling of the room shining a bright yellow tinged light which gives the room a dirty and grimey feel to it. In the room, the only furniture present is a small plain white plastic table which adds a synthetic and plastic/fake feeling to the rest of the room. Positioned by the table are two flimsy matching chairs which are positioned facing opposite eachother on either end of the table.]
[On one of these chairs is sat MAN1. He is sat alone in the room for the time being looking bored and vacant as his eyes half heartedly scan the dull room. His body language is open, but he still gives the impression of being uninterested].
[On one wall of the room there is a single plain wooden door which MAN2 enters through].

[Camera is focused on MAN1 to begin with. The pace of the cuts showing different angles of MAN1 is slow so are the short panning shots. This reflects the mood of this character.]

[The sound of nearing footsteps can be heard (Diegetic sound).]

[Cut to a CU shot of MAN1 reacting to the sound of the footsteps.] 

[Footsteps are getting louder/ closer. Camera cuts to a low shot of the door.] 

[The footsteps suddenly stop and the door is swung open to reveal MAN2. (The low angle shot shows MAN2's authority).]

[Quick cut to an ECU of MAN2's facial expression which is angry yet determined.]

[Cut back to previous low angle shot to show MAN2 angrily striding over towards the table.] 

[ECU of MAN2's hands as he reaches the table and slams his hands down onto it.]

[Cut to over the shoulder shot (POV of MAN2) looking down on MAN1 who is sat down. Again, this connotes MAN2's authority. This shot also allows the audience to see MAN1's facial epression which is slightly shocked, however it's obvious he is trying to hide any weakness away from MAN2.]

[While this shot is happening MAN2 speaks.]

MAN2: [barking] I know it was you! 

[Cut to ECU of MAN2's face showing his anger.] 

[Cuts back to previous over the shoulder shot.] 

MAN1: [cooly] I have no idea what you mean. 

[Cuts to an over the shoulder shot from MAN1's perspective.]

(180 degree rule) 

MAN2: [temper rising, body language tightens] Don't play dumb with me! I know it was you! 

[Cuts back to over the shoulder shot with MAN2.] 

MAN1: I said, I have no idea what you're talking about. 

[Camera cuts to a medium shot, focusing on MAN2 as he says his line.]

MAN2: [gritting teeth] I'll deal with you later. 

[Cuts to a POV shot from MAN1's POV as he watches MAN2 angrily stomp off out of the open door and slams the door shut behind him.] 

THE END <3 

Reflection of the workshops. (30 degree rule)

I found the workshops quite useful for revision purposes as I knew most of what was mentioned during the workshops already.

In the first workshop I didn't really learn a lot because I'm quite familiar with using Photoshop, but I did learn a few little techniques and shortcuts on Photoshop that I was unaware of before hand.  

In the second workshop I didn't learn a lot but it was useful for revision purposes ( And it was a lot of fun and good to use iMovie again!) 
One thing I did learn was the 30 degree rule. (The 30 degree rule is a guideline that says that the camera should move at least 30 degrees between shots of the same subject in a scene. This avoids jump cuts).

 

My Target

My target for A level Media:

The overall grade that I'd like to achieve at the end of AS Media is an A. 

To achieve an A I must: 

• Use a wide range of media vocabulary and explain any relevant points I've mentioned in detail. 
• I must remember to talk about the basic aspects of the ideas behind things. (Such as: Genre, character etc)  

180 Degree Rule (This video is horrible but useful)

Hellsing (Character Profiles)

Hellsing OVA Episode 1:



For this task I chose to write about the television show 'Hellsing'. This show is personally one of my all time favourites. I think that this show is aimed at older teenagers- mainly teenage boys between the ages of 15-21. I think this because the story line is about the 'Hellsing Organization' who battle against ghouls and enemy vampires to protect the British public. This will appeal to the target audience because in the episodes there is a lot of iconography used that will stereo typically appeal to a male audience (For example: Guns, blood, knives, swords etc) 
This show is definitely aimed at an older audience because there is a lot of violence and blood/ gore shown which would not be appropriate for a young audience. Also there are scenes that are of a sexual nature, which would not be appropriate for a younger audience. 

Character Profiles: 

Alucard:
Gender: Male
Age: Unknown 

• He's the main protagonist. (He's an anti Hero)
• He's a powerful vampire.
• He works for the Hellsing organization. 
• He serves Sir Integra.
• He uses a gun to fight mostly, but he sometimes uses his strength and vampiric powers with stronger enemies.
• He's actually the original vampire that was defeated by Van Helsing in Bram Stoker's book Dracula. In the Hellsing universe, instead of being killed, Alucard (Dracula) was captured by Van Helsing to serve Van Helsing and the Hellsing organization. At some point he was locked up by Van Helsing's son Arthur, and later released by Arthur's daughter Integra, who becomes his Master from then on.

Sir Integra Hellsing:
Gender: Female
Age: Unknown 

• She's a descendant of Abraham Van Helsing.
• She's the leader of the Hellsing Organization.
• Integra is Alucard's current master.
• She's nearly always featured smoking cigars.
• She's respected and admired- Even by her enemies. 
• She's human.
• She's skilled at fighting with firearms. 

Seras Victoria:

Gender: Female

Age: Unknown

• She was formerly a member of the police force.
• After being badly injured on a mission involving Alucard, she chose to join him among the ranks of the vampires rather than die (Alucard turned her into a vampire by biting her neck to save her).
• Both her parents were murdered when she was a child.
• She has no close friends or connections.

Donnie Darko Opening Analysis. (Camera)

(00:00-04:09) 
(Opens with the logos of the institutions involved with the making of the film)

Camera: 

(00:50)
Opens with a panning camera. This shows the audience the location but also having a panning camera combined with a fade from black transition is effective because it almost gives the illusion that the audience is opening their eyes and looking around because the panning camera is like a POV (Point of view) shot for the audience. This gives the illusion that the audience is actually present within the scene. Having this at the beginning of the scene is effective because the main character (Donnie) opens the scene by waking up in the middle of no where and begins to look around. This can make us relate to Donnie because the illusion created by the camera and editing techniques will make the audience empathise with Donnie because it feels like we're in the same situation as him.  

(01:13)
The camera starts moving towards Donnie who is laying down on the road. This is effective because this is another POV shot for the audience because it's almost as though we're walking toward's Donnie. This also shows that Donnie is the main focus of this scene because there's nothing else around and the camera is completely focused on him and he is in the centre of the frame. 

(01:43)
The camera then begins to circle around Donnie. This allows the audience to get a close look at Donnie.

(01:57)
Cuts to a POV shot from Donnie's perspective. This is effective because this also allows the audience to relate to Donnie by letting them see the world him his eyes. 

(02:04)
The camera stops panning when Donnie stands up. this makes Donnie's head in the centre of the frame. This makes Donnie the main focus on the screen. 

(02:11)
The camera doesn't move and Donnie turns around. This is a medium shot of Donnie. This allows the audience to see his facial expression clearly. 

(02:31) 
The camera is ahead of Donnie while he's on the bike keeping a steady pace in front of him to keep him the frame. This is a long shot. (It keeps Donnie's full body in the frame). The camera must move at a steady pace. They probably used a vehicle of some kind to do this. 

(02:34)
The camera is now beside Donnie at a low angle looking up at him. This shot is a medium shot.  Again, the camera must be attached to a vehicle of some kind in order to keep up with Donnie. 

(02:42)
The camera is now ahead of Donnie again. 

(02:46)
The camera is now taking a POV shot through the perspective of Donnie's view. This is effective because this allows the audience to relate to Donnie because the audience is looking at the world though Donnie's perspective. 

(02:53)
The camera is situated behind a sign that talks about a Halloween carnival that will be happening in the town that Donnie is cycling through. This is effective because it gives the audience information about the time of year the story is in and it also tells you where the location of the story is. 
The camera then pans to the right to capture Donnie in the frame as he is cycling past to make him the main focus. 

(03:00)
The camera is panning down the street. This gives the audience a good view of the neighborhood and also makes the joggers the main subject of the frame for a moment. By doing this the audience will realise that this town is just like any other town because it has normal everyday people in it.

(03:03)
The camera is ahead of Donnie again. 

(03:11)
The camera then pans to the right and moves forward to show to other characters. The shot turns into a medium shot onto these characters.  

(03:40)
There is a low long shot looking up at Donnie as he gets off his bike. 

(03:44)
The camera pans down from a shot of the trees to reveal a girl jumping on a trampoline. This is a long shot. 

(03:56)
The camera pans down to the left to show a woman reading a book. This is a medium shot. 

(04:00)
The camera then pans to follow Donnie into the kitchen where it stops to show Donnie opening the fridge, which has a note on it that says: 'Where is Donnie?' This is effective because this will allow the audience to read the note but it also shows that Donnie is completely oblivious to the note.